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BM7032 – Week 3 – 31 Oct & 2 Nov 2022 – FINAL NOTES

This class we are going to look at finding sources.

Over the next two classes, we will review some of the key skills needed for writing an essay or report.

PART A – SOURCES

Finding Sources / Evaluating Sources – What type of sources are there?

books, articles, essay, websites/online, newspapers, research papers,

magazines, adverts, company websites, business news, surveys, interviews, observations

All they all equally reliable/credible/trustworthy?

Website/Online sources

When would/should you use them? What are the issues with them?

Would you ever use the information from a company website for an academic assignment?

  •         Library books – reliable
  •         Academic/Journal articles – reliable
  •         Google Scholar – reliable
  • Personal communications – reliable depending on the author of the information
  • Podcasts, blogs & Youtube – generally not suitable for academic work unless a specifically academic author wrote them
  • surveys, observations, interviews – reliable as long as you have followed the correct methodology and processes to ensure objectivity.
  • Newspapers and magazines – possibly, if written by academic or expert business author
  • Company websites – Careful. Useful for policies or financial details but not more subjective issues
  • Websites – Can be useful, can be dangerous.

(You can use Wikipedia for a quick overview, but do NOT use it in your academic work – because anyone can contribute to it; the authors are unknown.)

BSU Library and Google Scholar

Review Library search & Google Scholar search https://www.bathspa.ac.uk/library/researching-and-referencing/search-strategies/

  • Scope – Dates? Countries? Limitations?
  • Analysis – what are you trying to find out? Is it available?
  • Keywords – Synonyms
  • Evaluation – Relevance, Reliable, Dates
  • Record – Capture the reference details of the source

PART B – ASSESSMENTS

Individual Business Report – MOVING FORWARD

Choose one industry and discuss how the development of technology has affected that industry in the last 20 years.

For the report you need to choose an industry.

  1. You need to choose an industry that interests you
  2. You need to email me and get my approval for your choice.
  3. You cannot choose the IT, electronics, technology or telecoms industries
  4. Don’t just talk about “the internet”; think about more industry-specific technology

You need to email me your choice of industry by your class on Mon 14 or Wed 16 November.

Examples of industries

  • Banking & finance
  • Food – food production / catering / hospitality / food retail
  • Education
  • Manufacturing – light/heavy
  • Mining
  • Construction
  • Services
  • Fashion – design or retail
  • Professions (law, accounting, surveyors)
  • Transport / logistics
  • Farming / agriculture / fisheries
  • Entertainment (cinemas/theatres)
  • NOT electronics / IT / telecommunications

FAQs

What is the difference between an essay and a report?

An essay is normally purely focused on an academic discussion whereas a report often has a more practical application (e.g. applying ideas to a real situation).

Reports are more common in B&M. One key difference is that you would include a few headings (not every paragraph but for each section).

Can I change the original question?

Not the topic but, yes, you can change the title (e.g. “An analysis of how technology has affected the mining industry in the last 20 years.”)

However, be careful not to introduce language errors.

Is it ok to give my opinion?

YES and NO

YES – If it’s based on evidence and/or critical analysis

NO – If it’s just personal feelings opinions. Ask yourself: Where did my opinion come from?

Word count

3,500 words means 3,500 +/-10%

You must have read the four short texts before the next class.

They are about individualism and collectivism in organisations. If you are interested in the topic, have a look at this website too:

INDIVIDUALISM

The high side of this dimension, called Individualism, can be defined as a preference for a loosely-knit social framework in which individuals are expected to take care of only themselves and their immediate families.

Its opposite, Collectivism, represents a preference for a tightly-knit framework in society in which individuals can expect their relatives or members of a particular in-group to look after them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty. A society’s position on this dimension is reflected in whether people’s self-image is defined in terms of “I” or “we.”

Hofstede, G. (no date) National Culture. Available at: https://hi.hofstede-insights.com/national-culture (Accessed: 26 Oct 2020).

A quick question: How many of you might actually look at the Hofstede website outside class? What might be your motivation for doing so?

Motivational factors

  • Instrumental = to achieve a goal (e.g. to pass an exam)
  • Integrative = to be part of a group/team
  • Resultative = motivated by the learning/idea itself
  • Intrinsic = the love of learning (or doing something) (Gardner & Lambert 1972)

Poster Presentation – MOVING FORWARD

  • Skills needed: Design of poster & discussion of ideas
  • Check Minerva (Week3) for useful videos about poster presentations
  • I will not change the groups
  • Here is an example of a poster using SWOT

PART B – NOTE-TAKING

What you should/shouldn’t do when note-taking

ShouldShouldn’t
paraphrase   capture the reference details   subtitles, underlining, highlighter, numbering, bulletskeep your own thoughts/opinions separate from the ideas you collect from the text.copy exactly   ●   ●

Example from my notes:

Text Box: (Montgomery, 2010)

Communities of practice (CoP) are “groups of people with a shared interest in an issue and who develop their understanding by interacting together” (Wenger et al., 2002 cited in Montgomery, 2010:71).
- CoP can be a “supportive and purposeful friendship group” – can also be seen as building social capital.
Generally, these are Int-Int or Dom-Dom (can even be Int Ss-Past Int Ss) Mont found that Int Ss think Dom Ss are less engaged with their course
Argues that this interaction contradicts the “deficit model” of int Ss p74 [HNO However, since this is Int-Int only, this is a very + spin on the situation.]

Shipton study 2005 suggested that Home Ss see university in terms of self-devt rather than academic devt. Interestingly, they can get trapped in particular social groups and feel isolated because they can’t jump group. Ditto Int Ss.
BUT Dom Ss often “drift into” HE whereas Int Ss aim/plan [HNO Not always. Though they rarely drift into HE, they often do a degree overseas for career/expected.]

Things to note: I have recorded

  • the source of the info
  • whenever I have quoted
  • new abbreviations or acronyms that I have invented (e.g. CoP) – unless I have used them frequently before (e.g. Int Ss)
  • my own ideas SEPARATELY

PART C – PLAGIARISM

SEE HANDOUT

What is it?

•      COPYING

  • IDEAS or

•      WORDS from another person

  • WITHOUT A REFERENCE

Is it important?

Homework for next week Required

  • Get together with your presentation group. Work on your practice poster presentation

●    Try the Online Plagiarism Course (and test) from Leicester University (in Additional Resources). Be prepared to tell me what score you got in the test.

  • If you haven’t done so already, read the articles about individualism and collectivism for next class. (Handout and also on Minerva Week 3).

Suggested

  • Look at the videos about poster presentation (Minerva Week 3)

●    Look at the extra information about plagiarism (in Additional Resources)

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